Case Converter
Convert text to UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, sentence case, camelCase, snake_case, or kebab-case instantly.
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Quick Reference — Case Formats
| Format | Example |
|---|---|
| UPPERCASE | THE QUICK BROWN FOX |
| lowercase | the quick brown fox |
| Title Case | The Quick Brown Fox |
| Sentence case | The quick brown fox |
| camelCase | theQuickBrownFox |
| snake_case | the_quick_brown_fox |
| kebab-case | the-quick-brown-fox |
When to Use Each Case Type
Different case formats serve different purposes in writing and programming. UPPERCASE is used for emphasis, acronyms, and constants in code. lowercase is the default for most body text and is used in URLs and email addresses. Title Case capitalizes the first letter of each word and is standard for headlines, book titles, and headings.
Sentence case capitalizes only the first letter of the first word in each sentence, making it the most natural and readable format for paragraphs, emails, and general writing. It is increasingly preferred over title case for subheadings in modern style guides.
camelCase vs snake_case in Programming
camelCase joins words together with no separator, capitalizing the first letter of each subsequent word (e.g., getUserName). It is the standard naming convention in JavaScript, Java, TypeScript, and C# for variables and function names.
snake_case separates words with underscores and uses all lowercase letters (e.g., get_user_name). It is the preferred convention in Python, Ruby, Rust, and PHP. Many developers find snake_case easier to read than camelCase, especially for longer names.
kebab-case uses hyphens to separate words (e.g., get-user-name). It is commonly used in CSS class names, URL slugs, and HTML attributes. Kebab-case is not valid for variable names in most programming languages because the hyphen is interpreted as a minus operator.
Title Case Rules
Title case rules vary by style guide (AP, APA, Chicago, MLA), but the general convention is to capitalize the first and last word, plus all major words. Minor words like "a," "an," "the," "and," "or," "in," "on," and "of" are typically left lowercase unless they are the first or last word. This tool uses a simplified approach that capitalizes the first letter of every word.
Frequently Asked Questions
- How do I convert text to uppercase?
- Paste or type your text into this tool and click the UPPERCASE button. Every letter will be capitalized instantly. You can also use Ctrl+Shift+U (or Cmd+Shift+U on Mac) in some text editors.
- What is title case?
- Title case capitalizes the first letter of every word. For example, "the quick brown fox" becomes "The Quick Brown Fox". It is commonly used for headlines, book titles, and article headings.
- What is the difference between camelCase and snake_case?
- camelCase joins words with no separator and capitalizes subsequent words (e.g., myVariableName). snake_case separates words with underscores in all lowercase (e.g., my_variable_name). camelCase is standard in JavaScript/Java; snake_case is preferred in Python/Ruby.
- How do I convert text to lowercase online?
- Paste your text into this tool and click the lowercase button. All uppercase letters will be converted to lowercase instantly. This is useful for fixing text typed in caps lock.
- What is sentence case?
- Sentence case capitalizes only the first letter of each sentence, with the rest in lowercase. For example, "THIS IS A TEST. HERE IS ANOTHER." becomes "This is a test. Here is another."